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classical karst
Originally the region called Kras in Slovenia, which gave its name to the karst landscape. Used in this sense about ...
clastic
Pertaining to a rock or sediment composed principally of broken fragments that are derived from preexisting rocks or minerals and ...
clastic carbonate rock
Carbonate rock that is made up of carbonate grains (e.g., shells, shell fragments, oolites).
clastic rock; detrital rock
A sedimentary rock derived from fragmentated other preexisting rock or organic structures [16].
clastokarst
Karst phenomena in clastic rocks composed of detrital carbonate material [20]. Synonyms: (French.) clastokarst; (German.) Klastokarst?; (Greek.) clastokarst; (Italian.) carsismo ...
claustrophobia
An irrational fear of being in a closed space [25].
clay
1. A rock or mineral fragment or a detrital particle of any composition smaller than a very fine silt grain, ...
clay ball, clayball
A chunk of clay released by erosion of a clayey bank and rounded by wave action.
clay boil
A mud circle that suggests a welling-up or heaving of the central core.
clay colloid
1. A clay particle having a diameter less than 1 micron (0.001 mm.) 2. A colloidal substance consisting of clay-size ...
clay fill
Dry or wet clay that fills a cave passage [10].
clay filling
Time interval between end of phreatic solution of a cave and beginning or deposition of flowstone [10].
clay loam
A soil containing 27-40% clay, 20-45% sand, and the remainder silt.
clay marl
1. A whitish, smooth, chalky clay. 2. A marl in which clay predominates.
clay mineral
One of a complex and loosely defined group of finely crystalline, metacolloidal, or amorphous hydrous silicates, essentially of aluminum.
clay parting
1. Clayey material between a vein and its wall. 2. A seam of hardened carbonaceous clay between or in beds ...
clay plug
Fine flood deposits in a cut off river meander [16].
clayey sand
1. An unconsolidated sediment containing 50-90% sand and having a ratio of silt or clay less than 1:2. 2. An ...
clayey silt
1. An unconsolidated sediment containing 40-75% silt, 12.5-50% clay, and 0-20% sand. 2. An unconsolidated sediment containing more particles of ...
claypan
A dense, heavy, relatively impervious subsurface soil layer that owes its hardness to a relatively higher clay content than that ...
clean sand
Sand with little or no clay content [16].
cleavage
The tendency to cleave or split along definite parallel planes, which may be highly inclined to the bedding. It is ...
climate
The average weather conditions of an area, including temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind, and hours of sunlight, based on records kept ...
climatic factor
A factor influencing hydrologic parameters due to the local climate [16].
clinometer
An instrument for measuring vertical angles or angles of dip [25].
clint
(British.) 1. Flat or sloping bare limestone outcrops (limestone pavements) weathered into straight-sided or furrowed blocks and ridges of limestone ...
clog, to
The action of blocking fluid flow paths, especially around a well bore [16].
clogger
A type of ascender without a handle; used with a karabiner to keep it securely on the rope [25].
closed depression, closed basin
1. Any karst hollow with internal drainage, including dolines, uvalas, poljes, cockpits and all varieties of blind karst valleys, of ...
closed karst
A karst terrane that is covered by sediments. Synonyms: (Russian.) skryty karst or zakryty karst. See also buried karst; interstratal ...